Analyzing Structure of Simple Sentence, Compound Sentence and Complex Sentence

Analyzing simple sentence structure.

Clause and the types

The clause is a unit which as a minimum consists of a verb and its complements but which may consist of a verb, its complements and its adjuncts. In identify clauses, should remember each basic function of word.

There are several types of clause, here they are:

Complement/ Noun Clauses

Examples of complement clauses are given in (3a, b). 

(3) a. Elizabeth regretted that she had met Wickham.

     b. Catherine feared that the Abbey was haunted.

 

These clauses were traditionally called ‘noun clauses’, because they occur in slots in the main clause that can be occupied by ordinary noun phrases – Elizabeth regretted her actions and Catherine feared the General’s temper. The contemporary label ‘complement clause’ reflects the relationship between the clauses and the verb of the main clause: Elizabeth regretted and Catherine feared are incomplete pieces of syntax which require a modifier, either a noun phrase as in the immediately preceding examples or a clause, as in (3).

The complement clauses in (3) occur to the right of the verbs in the main clauses, but complement clauses also occur to the left of verbs, as in (4).

(4) That Anne was in conversation with Mr Elliott dismayed Captain Went worth.

         Relative/Adjective clauses

Complement clauses modify verbs and modify nouns. In older descriptions, relative clauses are called adjective clauses, reflecting the fact that adjectives also modify nouns. Of course, in English they do not occur in the same position as adjectives, since adjectives typically precede the noun in a noun phrase while relative clauses follow it

 a. The cottage which Mrs Dashwood accepted was rather small.

b. The gentleman who saved Marianne was Willoughby.

c. The book which Marianne was reading contained poems by Cowper.

d. The building that we liked is in Thornton Lacey.

Adverbial clauses

The name ‘adverbial’ suggests that adverbial clauses modify verbs; but they modify whole clauses. They are adjuncts, since they are typically optional constituents in sentences. They are traditionally classified according to their meaning, for example adverbial clauses of reason, time, concession, manner or condition, as illustrated below.

 a. Reason

Because Marianne loved Willoughby, she refused to believe that he had deserted her.

b. Time

When Fanny returned, she found Tom Bertram very ill.

c. Concession

Although Mr D’Arcy disliked Mrs Bennet he married Elizabeth.

d. Manner

Henry changed his plans as the mood took him.

e. Condition

If Emma had left Hartfield, Mr Woodhouse would have been unhappy.

 Simple Sentence

Simple sentence has the most basic elements that make it sentence; a subject, a verb, and completed thought. The most important thing that we should remember about Simple sentence is the fact that it contains of NP and VP.

Let see the examples; and analyze the structure

I study

Two words before was already forming a simple sentence, because it contains of NP and VP. You can see it through this tree diagram.

In addition, NP and VP are the largest phrase in simple sentence. It means inside of both of them will contains more smaller phrases

Analyzing Compound Sentence Structure

A compound sentence refers to a sentence made up of two independent clauses (complete sentence) connected to one another with coordinating conjunction they are, for, and, nor, but, or, yet, so (FANBOYS).

Let see the examples

-         For- Because

I wake up early for I don’t want to be late

-         And – Additional Information

I read a book and I eat some chips

-         Nor – Not Either

I don’t like apple, nor do I eat apple pie

-         But and Yet- Contrast

I want to eat Pizza but he want to go to work

-         Or- Optional

She want to go to store or she want to go to beach

-         So- Result

I take some money so I can buy some books

Complex Sentence

Complex sentence is a sentence that contains Independent clause and dependent clause with subordinate conjunction. Here we will talk about Noun Clause, adjective Clause and Adverbial Clause.

- Noun Clause- THAT

Example;

*Cute handsome boy that wear blue jacket is my cousin

- Adjective Clause- contains WH- what, where, who, which,why, whom, whose.

Example;

*The girl who I saw was a student

*The house which is big belong to the girl 

- Adverbial Clause

1. Time(when), I wake up when the sun raises
2. Manner(as, like), I do my homework as you tell me
3. Concession(although), Although you hate it, you still do it
4. Place(where, anywhere), I will go anywhere I want to go
5. Purpose( so that, in order that) I followed her so that i knew her activities
6. Reason, (because), I study hard because I want to be the best
7. Condition (if), If you don't believe me, I will kill you

Sources;

Exercise 3.

Analyze structure of these sentences and make tree diagram.(@20)

1. I read a book and I eat some chips

2. I do not like apple, nor do eat apple pie

3. I want to eat Pizza but he want to go to work

4. She want to go to store or she want to go to beach

5. I take some money so I can buy some books

6. I wake up when the sun raises

7. I do my home work as you tell me

8. Although you do not like it, you still do it

9. I will go anywhere I want to go

10. If you do not believe me, I will kill you