Syntax and the Scope of Syntax

Linguistics is a study about language. As like as the other study, linguistics can be studied from different point of view. As the result that, it can be divided into several sub-fields. They are general and descriptive linguistics, diachronical and synchronic linguistics, theoretic and applied linguistics, the last is macro and micro linguistics.

Here are the differences among them;

1.      General linguistics and descriptive linguistics

2.      Diachronical linguistics and synchronic linguistics

3.      Theoretical linguistics and applied linguistics

 

4.      Micro linguistics and macro linguistics

  Branches of micro linguistics

1.      Phonetics

It is the scientific study of speech sounds. It studies how speech sounds are articulated, transmitted, and reactive.

2.      Phonology

It is the study of how speech sounds function in a language, it studies the ways speech sounds are organized. It can be seen as the functional phonetic at particular language.

3.      Morphology

It is study of formation of words. It is a branch of linguistics which breaks words into morphemes. It can considered as the grammar of words as syntax is the grammar of sentences.

4.      Syntax

It is a study that deals with combination of words into phrases, clauses and sentences. It is the grammar at sentence construction

5.      Semantics

It is a branch of linguistics which is concerned with the study at meaning in all its formal aspects. Word have several types at meaning.

6.      Pragmatic

It can be defined as the study of language context.

As like as the explanation before, you can see that syntax is a branch of linguistics which is include in micro linguistics. Syntax is a study about language concern in phrases, clauses, and sentences. Because this blog talk about English so, all the phrases, clauses and sentences that will discuss is English.

IS cookV pizzaN in the swimming poolAdverb of place

I will give a sentence and the analyze result in Syntax, Semantic, and also Pragmatic to show the differences among them.

The sentence is CORRECT in SYNTAX but INCORRECT in SEMANTICS.

Syntax concern in grammar without care about the meaning. That is why the sentence is correct, because there is no grammar error in that sentence. In contrary, semantic just care about the meaning. The sentence is in correct in semantic because it is not logic when you cook in the swimming pool. Meanwhile, Pragmatic cannot analyze yet because there is no context that given. Pragmatic is a study about language context, so it is impossible to analyze sentence without it.

In fact, there is no pizza around swimming poolCONTEXT

IS cookV pizzaN in the swimming poolAdverb of place

 

Base on context that appear, that sentence is INCORRECT in PRAGMATIC because situation in sentence is different with fact that has given. So, in pragmatic correct or not a sentence defend on context.


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